Travel Guide toArunachal Pradesh

The cultural identity of Arunachal Pradesh is significant, especially in a rapidly urbanizing world. Its history is mystified, passed down the ages through fables and folk tales. The state is home to more than 26 major tribes and over 100 different sub-tribes, many of whom trace their indigenous history to faraway places in Mongolia and Southeast Asia. The isolation of each tribe and culture has allowed for an amazing linguistic diversity with 90 different languages spoken in the state.

Geographically, the cultural diversity of Arunachal Pradesh can be roughly divided into cultural spheres, based on tribal identity, religion, and language. The western cultural sphere is rooted in Tibetan Buddhism and early Bon animist traditions with the presence of tribes such as Monpa, Aka, Brokpa, and Sherdukpens. The Monpa weave excellent carpets and take pleasure in wood painting. The Brokpa people are semi-nomadic herders who roam the highlands during the summer.

In the central and eastern parts of the state, the culture is influenced by animist traditions. The major tribes that live here are the Nyishi, Hill Miri, Apatani, Galo, Adi, and Mishmi. The facial tattoos and nose plugs of the Apatani women have been well documented and remain fascinating. The Adi have colorful dancing rituals with clothing that have exquisite patterns and designs. Their intricate cane bridges over large Himalayan rivers are a testament to their ingenious skills.

The southeastern cultural sphere traces its lineage to Southeast Asia, where tribes such as Khampti, Singpho, and Tangsa have been influenced by Theravada Buddhism. The Wancho have beautiful dresses and ornaments. Along with the Nocte, they were excellent headhunters in earlier times. Donyi-Polo is the major religion of the animist people of the state — the belief in the worship of the Sun and the Moon.